名词和数词
1、 改正下列句子中的唯一错误：
1 . Today , a group of 30 American student volunteer came to visit our school .
【答案】volunteer改为volunteers
【分析】volunteer是可数名词，且被数词30修饰，故用复数形式。
2 . Chinese character are very beautiful and rich in culture . As for me , when reading a neatly written article, I will feel pleased and relaxed.
【答案】character改为characters
【分析】句意：汉字很美，文化内涵也非常丰富。至于我，在阅读一篇书写工整的文章时，我会感到开心和放松。依据are可知，此处指多个汉字，故应用复数形式。
3.The woman chose one of the most expensive dress and handed it to a shop assistant.
【答案】dress改为dresses
【分析】句意：那位女性从最昂贵的连衣裙中挑选出一件并把它递给一名店员。此处存在"one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，故dress应用复数形式。
4. In the museum, we saw the latest progresses in science and technology.
【答案】progresses改为progress
【分析】句意：在博物馆里，大家看到了科技方面的最新进步。progress是不可数名词，故没复数形式。
5 . I taught them English and after class , we played games happily . We had a lot of funs together.
【答案】funs改为fun
【分析】fun是不可数名词，故没复数形式。
6. The professor began the class with an amusing English story, which attracted our attentions at once.
【答案】attentions改为attention
【分析】句意：教授以一个有趣的英语故事开始了这节课，这立刻吸引了大家的注意力。attract one's attention"吸引某人的注意力"是固定短语，其中的attention为不可数名词。
考虑小结 不可数名词包含抽象名词和物质名词，常考的不可数名词有：advice,air, behavior, bread, butter, dust, equipment, fun, furniture, housework, honesty,information,knowledge,luggage,music,news,progress,weather等。不可数名词的量可借用短语来表示：four pieces of bread,a piece of news,a sheet of paper。
7. Having passed the final exams, I am busy planning a two-weeks trip to the US during this winter holiday.
【答案】two-weeks改为two-week
【分析】在"数词+-+名词”结构中，名词常用单数形式。
8.I will be fully occupied in preparing for an importance lecture coming the day after tomorrow.
【答案】importance改为important
【分析】句意：我将忙着筹备后天的一个要紧的演讲。依据该句中的名词lecture可知，应用形容词修饰lecture,表示”要紧的演讲”。该题容易被考生误以为是”名词修饰名词”的状况。
9. One out of three passengers cars sold in Japan is a minicar.
【答案】passengers改为passenger
【分析】句意：在日本销售的客车中三分之一是微型客车。此处考查名词作定语，应用单数形式。
考试知识点小结 名词作定语 名词可以用作定语修饰后面的名词，表示类别、处所、材料、时间、功能、作用与功效等，名词作定语时一般要用单数形式。如：a shoe shop; font-family:;" font-size:10.5pt;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;"="">10.Firstly,these countries have highly diversified groups of residents from different cultural background.
【答案】background改为backgrounds
【分析】句意：第一，这类国家有来自不同文化背景的高度多样化的居民群体。background作"出身背景"讲时为可数名词，由句中的"different"知，此处指“不一样的文化背景”，故用复数形式。
11.Traditional Chinese medicineis an important part of Chinese culture. Many great success have been made in many areas through TCM cures .
【答案】success改为successes
【分析】 句意：中医是中国文化的要紧组成部分。中医疗法在很多范围已经获得了巨大的成功。success在此处为抽象名词具体化，表示成功的事物，可数名词。依据success前的Many和success后的have可知，此处应用success的复数形式。
12. Holding an empty box in his hand, he askers-by for money. I had no changes on me.
【答案】changes改为change
【分析】change作"零钱"讲时为不可数名词，没复数形式，考生容易由于不了解change的这个使用方法而找不出该题的错误。change表示”改变，变化”时既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。考生做此类题时应当依据具体的语境判断单词的意思。
13. My son, life is like a battlefield. You have to lose many time to win the final victory.
【答案】time改为times
【分析】句意：孩子，生活就像战场。你要失败多次才能取得最后的胜利。依据语境可知，此处表示很多次，time在此处作“次，回”讲，为可数名词，再由many可知，此处应用复数形式。考生容易误将time当作”时间”，从而找不出错误。考生应当依据具体的语境判断该词的意思。
14. Mr. Li is my head teacher. He is now in his thirty and has been teaching for almost ten years.
【答案】thirty改为thirties
【分析】表示"在某人几十多岁时"用"in one's+基数词的复数形式"。
15. In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was.
【答案】eighteen改为eighteenth;
【分析】 first前加the/my表示第十八个过生日用序数词；序数词first前加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词，表示（我的）第一天。
16. She often worked far into the night and lived on little more than bread and tea. Due to her hard work, she always came one in the examination.
【答案】one改为first
【分析】固定搭配come first表示”获得1、”。
17. Foreign investment creates significant economic benefits, including million of well-paid jobs, for Americans here at home.
【答案】million改为millions
【分析】表示数字的一些词，如dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million, billion与具体数字与several连用时，不需要复数形式，但与of连用表示不确定的数目时，则用复数形式，如 hundreds of, thousands of, millions of, billions of等。
18.Though he was willing to wait with patient until his mom was back on June 15th, the store's staff decided to do something extremely thoughtful after they noticed Leon's note.
【答案】patient改为patience
【分析】句意：尽管他想耐心等待，直到6月15日他的妈妈回来，但当这家店的职员看到利昂的便条后，他们决订做一些很体贴的事情。with patience意为”耐心地”，是固定短语。
19. Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt that they were in safe.
【答案】safe改为safety或将in删去
【分析】句意：维苏威火山几个世纪以来都没爆发过，所以庞贝的大家感到他们是安全的。in safety意为”安全”，是固定短语。
20. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many difficult.
【答案】difficult改为difficulties
【分析】句意：在用英语写日记时，大家一定会遇见不少困难。difficult为形容词，而many修饰可数名词复数，因此应将difficult改为difficulties。
21.Those documents are now in the possess of The Guardian.
【答案】possess改为possession
【分析】句意：那些文件现在为《卫报》所拥有。依据possess前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词形式；in the possession of为固定搭配，表示"为……所拥有”。
22.By4 o'clock I was pleased to see all my friends had come with a lot of beautiful present.
【答案】.present→presents
【分析】present用作名词，意为“礼物”，并且是可数名词此处present被alotof修饰，应用复数。
23.However,the few who say no is afraid that their parents would love them less if they had a sibling.
【答案】is→are
【分析】who引导定语从句修饰the few。主句的谓语动词应与th few维持一致，故用复数。
24.He lost his way in a small village. Otherwise, he would have visited more places of interests yesterday.
【答案】interests→interest
【分析】句意为：他在一个小村庄迷了路。要不然，他时天或许会游览更多的名胜。a place of interest为固定短语，意为胜”，变复数时，place变复数，interest不变复数。
25.In all his life, Dickens wrote a large number of excellent novels,of which some is still popular nowadays.
【答案】is→are
【分析】句意为：在狄更斯的一生中，他写了很多的出色小说，其中一些到今天仍然非常受青睐。定语从句中的主语some表示的是som novels,故谓语动词用复数。
26.I will never sell my furnitures to anyone at any time, whatever he may pay for it.
【答案】furnitures→furniture
【分析】句意为：在任何时候我都不会把我的家具卖给其他人，不管他开价多少。furniture是不可数名词，不需要复数形式
27.I'm going to spend the summer vacation in Shanghai, where live my grandmother.
【答案】live→lives
【分析】句意为：我将去上海过暑假，我奶奶住在那里。在w引导的定语从句中，从句中的主语grandmother是单数，且时态是般目前时，故将live改为lives
28.He got into the old truck and off he rushed to one of the far corner of the farm to fix the fences.
【答案】corner→corners
【分析】句意为：他上了那辆旧卡车，一下车他冲到了农场一个非常远的角落里去修围栏。one of后接可数名词复数，意为“之一”。故将corner改为corners。
29.I have a habit of taking a coffee, which make me feel energetic when I have to stay up late.
【答案】make→makes
【分析】句意为：我有喝咖啡的习惯，这让我在不能不熬夜的时候精力充沛。which引导的定语从句修饰前面的taking a cof which在定语从句中作主语，故谓语动词应用单数，将make改为makes。
30.. It was with great joys that Tom received the news that his lost son had been found.
【答案】joys→joy
【分析】句意为：汤姆收到了失踪的儿子被找到的消息，这真是很大的喜悦。joy是不可数名词，不需要复数形式。
2、短文改错（一）
When it comes to the TV,there will be different word in different persons' minds. Some people think that watch TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our horizons or know more about the world by watching latest news and reports.Secondly, watching TV is a good way to kill their spare time. Finally,we can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared.
Therefore, every coin has two sides. There are also disadvantages of watching TV. Not only do it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad affect on our studies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our life. We should treat to it in a right way.
【答案】
第一处：word→words名词前有different修饰，应用复数形式，故将word改为words。
第二处：watch→watching句中已有谓语动词is,句中缺少主语，且不表目的，因此用动名词作主语，故将watch改为watching
第三处：or→and 依据句意“第一，大家可以通过看最新的新闻和报道开阔视线，并且可以更多地知道世界”可知，broaden和know是并列关系，且是一定句，应用and连接。
第四处：在latest前加the the latest news为常用表达，意为“最新的新闻”，故前面加the。
第五处：their→our 本文叙述以第一人称为主，此处指代“大家的”，故将their改为our。
第六处：that→what predict后为宾语从句，从句中缺主语，且指物，故将that改为what。
第七处：Therefore→However依据语境可知，上下文是转折关系而非因果关系。
第八处：do→does当not only置于句首时，其后的句子要进行部分倒装，马上助动词提至主语之前，因为句子的主语是it,故助动词用does。
第九处：affect→effect have an effect on...是固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。
第十处：删除to treat是及物动词，接宾语时，其后不需加介词。
短文改错（二）
Dear Jack,
I am pleasing to hear from you and know that you had a greatly time working part-time in a fast-food restaurant. Now I would like to share your working experiences with you during the past summer.
In the beginning of the summer vacation, I was hired as shopping guide in a big supermarket.
I stood for ten hours a day and smiled to everyone I have met. Sometimes I was laughed at, and most of the time,I was praised for my wonderful works by many people. Half a month passed quickly after I knew it , and I learned how to deal with different people.
Above all, I have learned that smile is the key to solve any problem.
Best wishes.
Yours Sincerely,
Li Ming
【答案】
第一处：pleasing→pieased be pleased to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事非常高兴”。故将pleasing改成pleased。
第二处：greatly→great 此处修饰名词time,应用形容词，greatly为副词，故将greatly改成great。
第三处：your→my本句的主语是I,此处应指“我的工作历程”，故将your改成my。
第四处：In→At at the beginning of sth.为固定搭配，意为“在某事的开始阶段”。故将In改成At。
第五处：在shopping前加a guide为可数名词，此处泛指一名导购，应用不定冠词，且shopping以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故在shopping前加a。
第六处：删除have剖析句子结构可知，smiled to everyone后为省略了关系词的定语从句，主句谓语用一般过去时，依据语境可知，从句中谓语表示的动作与主语谓语表示的动作几乎同时发生，故从句谓语应用一般过去时。故删除have。
第七处：and→but 依据上下文语境可知，Sometimes I was laughed at和“I was praised for...by many people"之间为转折关系，故将and 改成but。
第八处：works→work work意为“工作”时为不可数名词，没复数形式。故将works改成work。
第九处：after→before依据上下文语境可知，此处指在“我”了解之前已经过去了半个月。故将after改成before。
第十处：solve→solving此处to为介词，后面应该接名词，故应用solve的动名词形式，故将solve改成solving。
